Which factors increase susceptibility to infections in dialysis patients?

In dialysis patients, susceptibility to infections is significantly influenced by several key factors, especially those outlined in the chosen option. Diabetes mellitus is a well-known comorbidity in these patients that can compromise the immune system, impacting the body’s ability to fight infections. It can lead to poor wound healing and various skin conditions, making infections more likely.

Malnutrition is another critical factor; it often occurs in dialysis patients due to dietary restrictions and metabolic changes. Insufficient nutritional intake weakens the immune response, making it less effective at combating infections.

Frequent invasive procedures, such as catheter placements and vascular access manipulations, can introduce pathogens into the body. These procedures breach skin integrity and can lead to central line-associated bloodstream infections, surgical site infections, and other complications.

Together, these factors create a perfect storm for increasing infection risk in dialysis patients. The interplay of diabetes, malnutrition, and the repeated nature of invasive interventions highlights the complexities in managing the health of these individuals, necessitating vigilant infection control measures and nutritional support in their care plan.

The other options do not adequately capture the combined risk factors that lead to increased susceptibility to infections in dialysis patients, as they either omit critical components or do not present a comprehensive view of how these factors interact.